10th Std Making of a Scientist

Making of a Scientist

Answer the following questions in 30-40 words:

1. Which project did Ebright submit in his eighth grade? Why did he win?

Ans. Ebright ,for his eighth grade project, he tried to find the cause of a viral disease that killed all monarch caterpillars every few years. He thought it all happened because of a hectic and tried raising caterpillars in the presence of beetles but he did not get any results, but he went ahead and showed his experiments and trials arid won a prize.

2. Comment on the role of Mr Weathered in Albright’s life.

Ans. Ebright’s mother who encouraged him as a child and Dr Frederick A. Urquhart O. had inspired him to study about butterflies were quite important in Albright’s life, Also, Ridded A Weathered, Albright’s Social Studies teacher opened Albright’s mind to new ideas and praised him for his handwork and indomitable spirit.

3. Why did Ebright lose interest in tagging butterflies?

Ans. Albright lost interest in tagging butterflies because it was a tedious work that did not provide much feedback.

4. Identify four values which Richard Ebright projected as a man of substance.

Ans. Ebright was not only a good scientist but also a keen observer. He was good sea champion debater and a public speaker. He was an expert photographer,particularly of woo and scientific exhibits.

7. Which project of Ebright won first prize in the county science fair?

Ans. Ebright didn’t win anything at his first science fair, thereby realizing that actual experiments alone worked. Later, he started winning prizes. Ebright with his scientist friend first built a device that showed that the tiny gold spots on a monarch pupa were producing a hormone necessary for the butterfly’s full development. This project won the first prize in the county science fair and third prize in zoology in the International science fair.

8. What all hobbies did Albright develop in kindergarten?

Ans. As a child, Ebright had a driving curiosity. He was interested in learning new things. He was good in studies and earned top grades in the class. He also collected rocks, fossils and coins. He became an eager astronomer too.

9. How did Richard’s mother help him to become a scientist?

Ans. Ebright had a driving curiosity and a bright brain — essential ingredients for becoming a scientist. His mother encouraged him to learn more. She exposed him to the world around him by taking him to trips, bought him books, telescope, microscope, cameras, mounting materials and other equipment, which helped him in his learning.

10.”Science shows a connection between structure and function.” Show this to be so, for the spots Albright saw on Monarch pupas.       

Ans. Ebright grew cells from a monarch’s wing to show that cells could divide and develop into a normal butterfly wing scales only if they were fed with the hormones from the gold spots, Later, he identified the chemical structure of the hormone and found how cells can read the blueprints of its DNA.

11. How can Albright’s theory of cell life be a revolution in the medical field if it is proved correct?

Ans. Ebright identified the chemical structure of the gold spot hormone and found so cells can read the blueprint of its DNA. To further test his theory, he began doing experiments’ if it proves correct it will be a big step towards understanding the process of life. It might lead to new ideas for preventing some types of cancer and diseases.

12. What were the factors which contributed to making Ebright a scientist?
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Ans. Sharp brain, d y observant, anal tic mind, driving curiosity, the keen interest in the subject and strong will for the right cause are some of the essentials for the making of a scientist. He should not run after prizes, have a competitive spirit but not in a bad sense.

13. What results are expected if Richard Ebright’s theory is proved correct?

Ans. If Richard Ebright’s theory proves to be correct, it will be a big step towards understanding the processes of life. It might lead to new ideas for preventing some types of cancer and other diseases.

14. Why did Richard Ebright tag a flock of butterflies?

Ans. Once Ebright’s mother bought him a book .’The Travels of Monarch X’. At the end of the hook, the writer Dr A. Urquhart had invited the readers to help him in the study of butterfly migration by tagging them. So he started tagging the butterflies.

15.How did Ebright spend his time in Pennsylvania?

Ans. Ebright grew up north of Reading, Pennsylvania. He was the only child of his parents. His father died when he was in third grade. As a child, he was good in studies and also collected rocks, fossils and coins.

16. How did the hook become a turning point in Richard Ebright’s life?

Ans.  Once his mother bought the book. ‘The Travels of Monarch X’. At the end of the book, Dr A. Urquhart had invited readers to help him study the migration of monarch butterflies by tagging them. This became a turning point in his life.

17. Mention any two of Ebright’s contributions to the world of science.

Ans. He carried experiments to prove successfully that hormone produced by the gold spots of a pupa is responsible for the growth and formation of butterfly-wings. He also discovered how a cell could read the blueprint of its DNA that controls heredity.

Q.18. To which field of science has Richard H. Ebright contributed?         

Ans. Richard H. Ebright is one of the leading scientists. He had been interested in science since his boyhood. He has contributed significantly to Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.

Q.19. What were the hobbies of Ebright in his childhood?

Ans. Ebright’s hobby was collecting things. Ebright was fascinated by butterflies. He started collecting butterflies in kindergarten. He also collected rocks, fossils and coins. He also became a star-gazer and an eager astronomer.

Q20. How did Ebright’s mother help him in his hunger for learning?

Ans. Ebright’s mother would find work for Richie if he had nothing to do. She found learning tasks for him. He had a great hunger for learning. He earned top grades in school. By the time he was in second grade, he had collected 25 species of butterflies.

Q.21. Which book did Ebright’s mother give him? How did this book change his life?

Ans. One day Ebright’s mother gave him a children’s book. That book was ‘The Travels of Monarch X’. It described how monarch butterflies migrate to Central America. This book fascinated him. This book stimulated his interest in butterflies. He devoted his time to the study of butterflies and won many prizes. In this way, this book changed his life.

Q.22. What did Ebright realize when he started tagging butterflies?

Ans. Ebright started tagging monarch butterflies. He realized that chasing the butterflies one by one won’t enable him to each many. So he decided to raise a flock of butterflies.

Q.23. How did Ebright raise a flock of butterflies?

Ans. Ebright would catch a female monarch and take her eggs. He would raise them in his basement, from egg to caterpillar, to pupa to adult butterfly. Then he would tag the butterflies’ and let them.

Q.24. Why did Ebright begin to lose interest in tagging butterflies?

Ans. Ebright began to lose interest in tagging butterflies. The reason was that there was no feedback. He was a little disappointed as only two butterflies had been recaptured. And they had been found not more than seventy-five miles from where he lived.

Q.25. What happened with Ebright when he entered a county science fair for the first time?

Ans. He entered a county science fair Ebright for the first time. His entries were slides of frog tissues. But he did not win any prize.

Q.26. What did Ebright realize when he did not win any prize in the county science fair?

Ans. He realised that the winners had tried to do real experiments. So he decided to do further research in his favourite field, that is, insects on which he had already been doing work.

Q.27. What happened when Ebright wrote to Dr Urquhart for ideas?

Ans. Ebright wrote to Dr Urquhart for ideas. In reply, the famous scientist gave him many suggestions for experiments. These experiments kept Ebright busy all through high school. He also won many prizes in the county and international science fairs.

10th Std ANIMALS

10th Std ANIMALS

Answer the following questions:-

1. Why does the poet show a preference for living with the animals?

Ans. The poet says that it is better to live with animals as they show tokens of goodness. They are peaceful, self-contained and happy. Animals show innate goodness which is lacked in human beings. Animals do not grumble about their lives for doing that cry over their sins.

2. What is the relevance of ‘tokens’ in the poem ‘Animals’? Who brings them to the poet?

Ans. Animals show tokens of goodness. They are self-contained, peaceful, thankful and happy creatures. Animals are not unhappy and neither they have expectations.
So, they indeed, bring out tokens of man’s good nature lost long ago. Animals do not grumble about their lives.

3. Write the central idea of the poem `Animals’.

Ans. The central idea of the poem is the difference between human beings and animals. While they both were initially similar in their innate goodness, the man had lost it over the years, while animals remain the same. They show these tokens of goodness — peaceful, self-contained and happy, and compel the poet to contemplate on man’s lost goodness.

Q.4. How are animals better than humans, according to the poet?

Ans. According to the poet, the animals are more humane than humans. They have no such bad qualities as humans have. In their world, all are happy, equal and content. They show their relations to the poet and he accepts them.

Q5. What is the theme of the poem ‘Animals’?

Or

What is the Central Idea of the poem ‘Animals’?                                           [H.B.S.E. March 2017 (Set-D)]

Ans. The theme/Central idea of the poem is the superiority of animals life over to human beings. The poet, Whitman, compares animals with human beings. He finds animals far better than human beings. The poet finds the reasons for human suffering. Human beings are always dissatisfied. All their actions are with a selfish motive. But animals are far-far away from these bad qualities. So the poet wishes to turn and live with the animals.

Q.6. Why does the poet want to live with animals? [S.B.S.E. March. 2017 (Set-B)]

Ans. The poet thinks that animals are very peaceful and self-confident. They do not complain about their condition. They don’t weep for their sins. That is why; he wants to live with the animals.

Q.7. What is the difference between animals and humans regard their attitude to their condition, sins and God?

Ans. Human beings cry about their condition. They lie awake at night in the dark and weep for their sins. They make the poet sick by discussing their duty about God. But animals do not do any of these things. That is why the poet likes them.

Q.8. How are animals different from humans about owning things or kneeling to one another?

Ans. Human beings are mad about possessing things. But animals do not care for possession. It is madness only for humans. They do not kneel to others as humans do. For them all are equal.

Q9. Why does the poet want to take a turn?

Ans. The poet is fed up living in the world of humans. They are always confused. They are arrogant. They don’t have a clear conscience and weep over their sins throughout the night. On the other hand, animals are contented, calm and possess all the ‘tokens’ of virtue that humans have given up. So, he wants to exchange places and live with animals.

Q10. Why is the poet so much impressed with animals?

Ans. Animals possess all the noble virtues that are necessary for an ideal living. They are contented and never complain about their fate. They are independent and don’t show unnecessary respect for their ancestors or to their fellow beings. They are not selfish and don’t suffer from the mania of possessing and owning things. So, he is highly impressed with animals.

Q11. Why do humans keep awake in the dark and weep for their sins while animals never do such things?

Ans. Animals have a clear conscience. They are not confused or muddle-headed. Humans are ambitious, greedy and suffer from the mania of possessing and owning things. Their sins and misdeeds don’t allow them to enjoy a sound sleep at night. They weep over their sins.

Q12. Why do animals don’t kneel down to their fellow beings or ancestors? How do humans react to them?

Ans. Animals don’t show unnecessary respect to their fellow beings and to their ancestors. They don’t indulge in such unnecessary civilities and formalities. On the other hand, humans express their respect not only to their ancestors but also to their fellow beings. They have a tendency to indulge in unnecessary civilities and decencies.

Q13. Why does the poet say “They bring me tokens of myself”? What are those `tokens’?

Ans. There was a time when both humans and animals possessed noble virtues of love, peace, contentment and, simplicity. With the passage of time, humans gave up all such tokens of noble virtues. They indulged in greed, arrogance and the mania of possession. The road of noble virtue, which humans and the poet himself, left long ago, is still followed by animals. They are contented, humble and free from the burden of conscience. They remind the poet of those noble qualities which he has lost.

Q14. How have humans dropped those `tokens’ which are plainly in the `possession’ of animals?

Ans. Those tokens of love, sympathy and contentment which humans shared with animals at one time, have been `negligently’ dropped by humans. Greed, overambition, arrogance, confusion and vulgarity took the place of those ‘tokens’ which humans once shared with animals.

Q15. What is the message that Walt Whitman wants to give to the readers through this poem?

Ans. There is nothing great about being humans. They have degraded themselves to the extent that animals appear to be noble and superior beings in their comparison. No doubt, humans did possess those ‘tokens’ of love, innocence, simplicity, contentment and independence. But they have given up such ‘tokens’ long ago. Animals still share those noble virtues and appear to be nobler than humans.

Q16. How, according to the poet, are animals superior to humans?

Ans. The animals are superior to animals in that they are calm and contented. They commit no sin. They do not run after wealth like a man. They never complain about their condition.

Q17. Why does the poet wish to live with animals?

Ans. The animals are placid and self-contained. They are satisfied with their lot and never complain about it. The poet is disgusted with living among human beings. So he wishes to live with animals because he likes them.

Q18. They do not sweat and whine about their condition. Who are “they”? What are the things they do not do?

Ans. “They” refer to animals. They never commit mistakes nor do they complain about their condition or situation.

19.”Human beings are called the most civilised species in the entire world. But sometimes they lack the values which are better exhibited by the animals.” Elucidate the statement with reference to the poem, ‘Animals’.

Ans. Human beings are called the most civilised species in the entire world. But sometimes, they lack the values which are better exhibited by the animals. Human beings lack the qualities of being respectable, happy, contented and peace-loving which is still reflected in animals. Animals do not grumble about their lives, lie awake at night, cry over their sins or discuss their duty towards God as humans do. Animals do not have a mania for “owning things”, nor do they kneel before others like humans. Moreover, the tokens of goodness, love, respect and happiness have been dropped by human beings.

20. The poem, `Animals’ tells us that civilisation has made humans false to their own true nature. Which values will help you revive your basic nature?

Ans. In the race of human civilisation, humans have lost their own nature. The men have Dist their innate goodness over the years. They have become selfish, jealous, restless, unhappy, cribbing and grumbling creatures. They grumble about their lives, lie awake at night, cry over their sins and discuss their duty towards God. In a race to earn more luxuries and comfort. they have lost their sound sleep. They have become unhappy and most of the time unable to enjoy even small joys and happiness in life. On the contrary, animals are peaceful, self-contained, thankful and happy creatures. They are not unhappy and indeed bring out tokens of man’s good nature lost long ago, when he possessed qualities like love, respect, contentment and happiness.

21. How is the poem, ‘Annuals’, a contrast between humans and animals?

Ans. Humans can be described as selfish, jealous, restless, unhappy, cribbing, and grumbling creatures. In contrast, animals are peaceful, self-contained, thankful and happy creatures. They do not grumble about their lives, lie awake at night, cry over their sins or discuss their duty towards God as humans do. Also, they don’t have a mania for “owning things”; nor do they kneel before others. Animals, on the whole, are not unhappy and indeed bring out tokens of man’s good nature lost long ago, when he possessed qualities like love, respect, contentment and happiness.

10th Std Glimpses of India -Tea from Assam

10th Std Glimpses of India -Tea from Assam

Answer the following questions in 30-40 words:

1. Why did Rajvir visit Assam?

Ans. Rajvir had been invited by his classmate Pranjol, who was from Assam, to visit his home during the summer vacation.Also ,Rajvir was very inquisitive to know more about the tea plantation, the tea farms, the tea factories and history behind the tea's discovery.

2. How does Rajvir describe the tea-garden at Dhekiabari?

Ans. On both sides of the gravel road were acres and acres of neatly pruned tea bushes. It was the second sprouting period. Women wearing plastic aprons were plucking new tea leaves and putting them in the bamboo baskets.

3.Draw a pen picture of tea gardens in Assam.

Ans. The tea bushes were spread like a sea against the backdrop of densely wooded hills. Amidst the orderly rows of tea bushes,the tea plucked were doll-like figures plucking tea leaves,all the time.

4. Describe the scenery that Rajvir saw as soon as the train pulled out of the station.

Ans. When the train moved ahead, there were huge fields full of green plantations. Rajvir had never seen so much greenery. He called it a ‘magnificent view’. The bushes were spread like a sea against the backdrop of densely wooded hills.

5. How are tea pluckers different from other farm labourers?

Ans. The tea pluckers are different from other farm labourers. The women plucking tea leaves in the tea gardens look like dolls. They wear plastic aprons and carry baskets at their backs to put tea leaves in them.

6. How can you say that tea was first drunk in China?

Ans. There is an ancient legend about the discovery of tea. A Chinese emperor had the habit of drinking boiled water. One day a twig from the fire fell into the pot in which water was being boiled. It gave a delicious flavour to the water. It is said that those were tea leaves and that was the first tea. It is thus thought that tea was first taken in China.

7. How long does the second flush or sprouting period last?

Ans. There are two flushes or sprouting periods. The second sprouting period lasts from May to July.

8. What information was given by Pranjol’s father to Rajvir about Assam Tea Estate?

Ans. He was the manager of a tea garden in upper Assam. He showed Pranjol and Rajvir the acres of tea bushes, all neatly pruned to the same height. Groups of women pluckers with bamboo baskets were plucking the newly sprouted leaves.

9. What happened to the Chinese emperor in “Tea from Assam” who always boiled water before drinking it?

Or

What is the Chinese legend regarding tea?

Or

What is the Chinese story about the discovery of tea?

Or

What is the history of tea in China?

Ans. A Chinese emperor had the habit of drinking boiled water. One day a twig fell into the pot in which water was being boiled. It gave a delicious flavour to the water. It is said that those were tea leaves.

10. What was the Indian legend about the discovery of tea?

Or

Write down the Buddhist legend about tea.

Ans. An Indian legend goes like this. Once there was a Buddhist, ascetic 13odhidharma who used to feel sleepy during meditations. So he cut off his eyelids. Ten tea plants grew out of the eyelids. When the leaves of these plants were put in hot water and drunk, they banished sleep.

11. What did Rajvir see when he entered the Tea Estate?

Or

What made Rajvir amazed on the way?

Ans. Rajvir was amazed to see huge fields full of green plantations. There were vast green tea gardens on both sides of the road. The tall trees at the back of the gardens, in the forest on the rolling hills, looked beautiful.

12. Which tea is considered the best tea? Why?

Ans. Assam tea is considered to be the best tea as it has the largest concentration of tea plantations in the world. The weather and environmental conditions are perfect here to grow tea plants.

13. Who were Pranjol and Rajvir? Where were they going?

Ans. Pranjol and Rajvir were friends. Pranjol belonged to Assam. He was studying in a school in Delhi.  Rajvir was his classmate. Pranjol’s father was the manager of a tea-garden in Upper Assam. Pranjol invited Rajvir to visit his home during the summer vacation. Both of them travelled to Assam on a train.

14. What did Rajvir and Pranjol do after the train pulled out of the station?

Ans. When the train pulled out of the station. Pranjol became busy in reading a detective book. Rajvir was looking out of the train. It was green, green everywhere. He had never seen so much greenery before.

15.  Which story of a Chinese emperor is associated with the discovery of tea?

Ans. According to one legend, a Chinese emperor discovered tea by chance. He always boiled water before drinking it. One day a few leaves off the twigs burning under the pot fell into the water. As a result, the boiled water got a delicious flavour. It is said they were tea leaves.

16. What is the Indian legend about the discovery of tea?

Ans. According to an Indian legend, Bodhidharma, an ancient Buddhist monk, felt sleep during meditations. So he cut off his eyelids. Ten tea plants grew out of the eyelids. The leaves of these plants when put in hot water and drunk banished sleep.

17. Where was tea first drunk? When did tea come to Europe?

Ans. It is believed that tea was first drunk in China in 2700 B.C. Words like ‘chai and ‘chini‘ are Chinese. Tea came to Europe in the sixteenth century. At first, it was used more as a medicine than as a beverage.

18. What is the best season for tea Production?

Ans. Rajvir and Pranjol reached Assam in the sprouting season. This season lasts from May to July. The best tea is produced during this season.

Q19. How has tea become a popular beverage?

Ans. Tea is decidedly a very popular beverage in the world. More than eighty crore cups of tea are drunk every day throughout the world. At every platform in India, you can hear vendors crying “Chai-garam”. The people can’t resist buying the steaming hot cups of tea.

Q20. Why was Rajvir so much excitement?

Ans. Rajvir had never seen so much greenery before. He was looking at the beautiful scenery. The soft green paddy fields gave way to tea bushes. Against the backdrop of densely wooded hills, a sea of tea bushes stretched as far as the eyes could see. The orderly rows of bushes were pruned to the same height. Rajvir was really excited to see the magnificent view.

Q21. Why didn’t Pranjol share Rajvir’s excitement?

Ans. Pranjol had been born and brought up on a tea plantation. He was familiar with tea gardens. On the other hand, Rajvir had never visited any tea plantation ever before. A sea of bushes stretching as far as the eyes could see fascinated him. The magnificent view, orderly rows of tea bushes really excited him. But Pranjol was used to such sights.

Q22. Describe the Chinese legend regarding the discovery of tea leaves.

Ans. There is a Chinese legend regarding the discovery of tea leaves. One Chinese emperor always boiled water before drinking it. One day a few leaves of the burning twigs under the pot fell into the water. The result was wonderful. The water gave a delicious flavour. Those leaves that gave the water a delicious flavour were tea leaves.

Q23. What is the Indian legend regarding the discovery of tea?

Ans. We have an Indian legend regarding the discovery of tea. Bodhidharma, an ancient Buddhist ascetic, cut off his eyelids because he fell sleepy during meditations. It is said that ten tea plants grew out of the eyelids. The leaves of those plants, when put in hot water and drunk, banished sleep.

Q24. Where and when did the drinking of tea start and how did it come to Europe?

Ans. The drinking of tea first started in China. Tea was drunk in China as far as 2700 B.C. Words like tea, `char and ‘chin? are from Chinese. Tea came to Europe only in the 16th century. In Europe, tea was dnini as medicine than a beverage in the early period.

Q25. What did Rajvir see in the Dhekiaban tea estate managed by Pranjol’s father?

Ans. The tea estate at Dhekiabari was managed by Pranjol’s father. Rajvir saw acre upon acre of tea bushes on both sides of the gravel road. They were all pruned to the same height. Groups of tea-pluckers, wearing plastic aprons were plucking the newly sprouted leaves. It was the second sprouting period.

Q26. Where was Rajvir and why?

Ans. Rajvir and Pranjol were two youngsters. Actually, they were classmates at school in Delhi. Pranjol’s father is the manager of a tea garden in Upper Assam. Pranjol was born and brought up on the tea estate. He invited Rajvir to visit his home and the Dhekiabari Tea Estate during the summer vacation.

Q27. Why did Pranjol’s father say in surprise that Rajvir had done his homework before coming there?

Ans. A tractor was pulling a trailer-load of tea leaves at the Dhekiabari Tea Estate. Rajvir asked Pranjol’s father if that was the second flush or sprouting period. Rajvir told that the second sprouting period lasts from May to July and yields the best tea. Such detailed information about tea leaves surprised Pranjol’s father. He told Rajvir that he seemed to have done his homework before coming here.

Q28. How and where are tea leaves collected in Assam?

Ans. Assam has the largest number of tea estates in India. Acre upon acre of tea bushes is stretching as far as the eyes can go. All the bushes are pruned to the same height. Groups of tea pluckers carry bamboo basket on their back to collect tea-leaves. They wear plastic aprons. They pluck the newly-sprouted tea leaves from, the bushes. Then the leaves are dried and processed in factories.

10th Std Glimpses of India-Coorg

10th Std Glimpses of India-Coorg

Answer the following questions in 30-40 words:

1. Coorgis are hospitable by nature. Explain.

Ans. Coorgis are a proud race of martial men and beautiful women. They are very hospitable and entertain their guests by relating stories of bravery of their great grandfathers and fathers.

2. Why are the people of Coorg known as descendants of the Arabs?

Ans. The theory of the people of Coorg as descendants of the Arabs draws support from the long, black coat with an embroidered waist-belt worn by the Kodavus known as kuppia. It resembles the kuffia worn by the Arabs and the Kurds in those countries.

3.Why is Coorg called the land of rolling hills?

Ans. Coorg is called the land of rolling hills because it has a lot of hills and is itself a hill station. The hills seem to roll down in a panoramic view.

4.Describe the natural beauty of Coorg.

Ans. Coorg is situated midway between Mysore and the coastal town of Mangalore in Karnataka state. It is a beautiful region of ‘rolling hills’ and lush green rainforests. It is famous for coffee, spices and wildlife.

5.Describe the wildlife of Coorg.

Ans. A large freshwater fish abound in these waters. Kingfishers dive for their catch. Squirrels and langurs drop partially eaten fruit and enjoy the splash and ripple effect. Elephants enjoy bathing in the river.

6.The people of Coorg have a tradition of courage and bravery. How has it been recognized in modern India?

Ans. Coorgis are a proud race of martial men and beautiful women. They are very hospitable and entertain their guests by relating stories of bravery of their sons and fathers. Coorg soldiers are brave. Coorg regiment is one of the most decorated ones in the Indian army.Corgies are the only people who are permitted to carry firearms without a licence.

7. What do you know about Bylakuppe’ as mentioned in the lesson, ‘Coorg’?

Ans. `Bylakuppe’ in Coorg has India’s largest Tibetan settlement.

8. What idea of Coorg do you from? What opportunities does Coorg offer to a tourist?

Ans. Coorg is the smallest district of Karnataka, situated midway between Mysore and the coastal town of Mangalore. It is a beautiful region of ‘rolling hills’ and lush green rainforests. It is famous for coffee, spices, and rain forests. It is also famous for hospitality, valour, wildlife and adventure sports.

9. What does the writer say about Coorg?

Ans. The writer says that Coorg is the smallest district of Karnataka. It is known as Kodagu also. Coorg lies between the coastal town of Mangalore and Mysore. It is a very beautiful place. The writer says that it must have come from the kingdom of God.

10. What is Coorg famous for? What is the best season to visit Coorg?

Ans. Coorg is famous for its coffee plantations, evergreen rainforests and spices Thirty per cent of its area is covered with the evergreen rainforests The best season to visit this place is from September to March. The air is full of coffee flavour.

11 What does the writer say shout the people of Coorg?

Ans. the write’ says that the people of Coorg are independent and brave. They are of Greek or Arabic descent. According to a story, a part of Alexander’s army did not return and was settled here. They married among the locals. This culture can be seen in the martial traditions, marnage and religious customs.

12. What supports the theory that the people of Coorg originated from the Arabs?

Ans. According to a theory, the people of Coorg originated from the Arabs. It is evident from the long, black coat worn by the people. It is like the kuffia worn by the Arabs and the Kurds.

13. What does the writer say about the bravery of the Coorgi people?

Ans. The writer says that the Coorgi people are brave people. Their tales of bravery are famous. The Coorg regiment is one of the most decorated in the Indian Army. The first Chief of the Indian Army, General Cariappa, was a Coorgi. Even today, the Kodavus are the only people in India who are allowed to carry firearms without a licence.

Q14. Describe the geographical location of Coorg.

Ans. Coorg or Kadagu is the smallest district in Karnataka. It lies between Mysore and the coastal town of Mangalore. This piece of heaven may also be called the land of rolling hills. It is the home of evergreen rainforests, spices and coffee plantations. During the monsoons, Coorg has a lot of rains.

Q15. Describe the people and culture of Coorg.

Ans. Coorg is inhabited by a proud race of martial men, beautiful women and wild creatures. Coorgi homes have a tradition of hospitality. There are many tales of valour related to the people of Coorg. The Coorg Regiment is one of the most decorated in the Indian Army. General Cariappa, the first Chief of the Indian Army, was a Coorgi. Kodavus are the only people in India permitted to carry firearms without a licence.

Q16.Describe the climate, birds and animals of Coorg.

Ans. During the monsoons, Coorg has a lot of rains. It pours enough to keep many tourists away. The best tourist season starts from September and continues till March. The very air of Coorg smells of Coffee. Kingfishers, squirrels, langurs, wild elephants, bees and butterflies abound in the rainforests of Coorg.

Q17.Describe the possible descent of the people of Coorg.

Ans. The people of Coorg, their rituals and traditions are quite different from the Hindu mainstream. According to one story. a part of Alexander’s army travelling the coast, settled here as their return became impractical. So, the are believed to be of Greek origin. The Coorgi dress, a long, black coat with an embroidered waist-belt resembles the Kuffia worn by the Arabs: So, some think that they are of Arabic origin.

Q18. How has the tradition of courage and bravery been recognised in modern India? Give examples from the text.

Ans. The people of Coorg are known for I being fiercely independent, brave and courageous. There are numerous tales of valour connected with the people of Coorg. The Coorg Regiment is one of the most decorated regiments in the Indian Army. The first Chief of the Indian Army, General Cariappa, was a Coorgi. The Coorgis are the only people in India who are permitted to carry firearms without a licence.

Q19. Describe the origin of Kaveri and the area around it.

Ans. The river, Kaveri, originates from the hills and forests of Coorg. Mahaseer a large freshwater fish abound in these waters. Kingfishers dive for their catch. The squirrels and langurs drop half-eaten fruit for the mischief of enjoying the splash and ripples in the clear water. A walk across the bridge leads to the sixty-four-acre island of Nisargadatta.

Q20. How do the most laidback individuals become the life of high-energy adventures in Coorg?

Ans. Coorg offers many outdoor high-energy adventures. Even the most laidback individuals become converts to the life of high-energy adventures. They enjoy river rafting, canoeing, rappelling, rock climbing and mountain biking. Numerous walking trails in Coorg are a favourite with trekkers.

Q21. Where and how can we have a panoramic view of the misty landscape of Coorg from?

Ans. The tourists are advised not to miss a climb to the Brahmagiri hills. The climb to the Brahmagiri hills gives you a panoramic view of the entire misty landscape of Coorg. Then you can walk across the rope bridge. It will lead you to the sixty-four-acre island of Nisargadhama.

Q22. Describe the largest Buddhist settlement in Coorg.

Ans. Below the rolling hills lie the largest Tibetan settlement in India in Coorg. The Buddhist temple at Bylakuppe is famous for its grandeur and beauty. The monks in their red, ochre and yellow robes represent the heart and soul of India, right here in Coorg.


Q.1. Where is Coorg situated? What is it famous for?

Ans. Coorg is the smallest district of Karnataka. It is known as Kodagu also. Coorg lies between the coastal town of Mangalore and Mysore. It is a very beautiful place. The writer says that it must have come from the kingdom of God. Coorg is famous for its coffee plantations, evergreen rainforests and spices. Thirty per cent of its area is covered with the evergreen rainforests. The best season to visit this place is from September to March. The air is full of coffee flavour.

Q.2. What does the author say about the people of Coorg?

Ans. The writer says that the people of Coorg are independent and brave. They are of Greek or Arabic descent. According to a story, a part of Alexander’s army did not return and was settled here. They married among the locals. This culture can be seen in the martial traditions, marriage and religious customs. According to another theory Coorg people originated from the Arabs. It is evident from the long, black coat worn by the people. It is like the kuffia worn by the Arabs and the Kurds. Coorgi homes haves tradition of hospitality. They are brave people. Their tales of bravery are famous. The Coorg Regiment is one of the most decorated in the Indian Army. The first Chief of the Indian Army, General Cariappa, was a Coorgi. Even today, the Kodavus are the only people in India who are allowed to carry firearms without a licence.

10th Std Glimpses of India -A Baker from Goa

10th Std Glimpses of India -A Baker from Goa

1. What did the baker mean to the narrator during his childhood? How many times did he pay a visit?

Ans. The baker or pader was an important person in the author’s life. He was treated like a friend. He used to come twice a day, once in the morning to sell the bread and then while returning after emptying his basket. The author used to run to meet him in order to take the bread-bangles. He chatted and gossiped with him.

2. What were the bakers called? Describe their peculiar dress.

Ans. The bakers were known as pader. These bakers wore a peculiar dress known as the ‘kabai’. It was a single piece long frock reaching down to the knees.

3. What was Kabai ? Give a brief description.

Ans. Kabai wan a particular dress — a single piece long frock reaching down the knees which the bakers used to wear in old days. Later it was replaced by a shirt and trousers which were longer than the shorts and shorter than the full length.

4. What are the elders in Goa nostalgic about?

Ans. In Goa, the elders are nostalgic about the good Old Portuguese days as well as the Portuguese and their famous loaves of bread.

5. How can you say, ‘bread-baking is still popular in Goa’?

Ans. Bread making is still very popular in Goa. Still, we can see the mixers, the moulders and those who bake the loaves. Most of their festivals and other occasions are meaningless without the loaves of bread.

6. “Even today any person with a jackfruit-like physical appearance is easily compared to a baker.” Explain.

Ans. Bakers had a plump physique which meant they were happy and prosperous and hence, even today, any person with a jackfruit like physical appearance is compared to a baker.

7.`Baking was, indeed, a profitable profession’. Justify the statement with reference to the extract ‘A Baker from Goa’.

Or

Explain with examples that baking used to be a profitable profession.

Ans. Baking was indeed a profitable profession in the old days. The baker and his family never starved. He, his family and his servants always looked happy and prosperous. Their plump physique was an open testimony to this.

8. How did the baker attract the children?

Or

How does the writer know about the arrival of the baker? Why are they anxiously waiting for him?

Or

What role did the baker play in the childhood of the narrator?             

Ans. The children would know about his arrival from the ‘jhang, jhang’ sound of his bamboo stick. They would run to meet and greet him. They tried to surround the basket but were pushed aside until the bread was delivered to the maid. Then they were allowed to choose their bread-bangles.

9. How did the baker make his entry?

Ans. The baker made his musical entry with the ‘jhang, jhang’ sound of his specially made bamboo staff One hand supported the basket on his head and the other banged the bamboo on the ground. He would greet the lady of the house and then place the basket on the bamboos.

10. How were the baker’s accounts maintained?

Ans. The monthly records/accounts of the baker were maintained on some wall in pencil.

11. Is bread an important part of Goan life? How do you know this?

Ans. Bread is still an important part of Goan life. Marriage gifts are meaningless and a party or a feast loses its charm without bread. Sandwiches are important for a daughter’s engagement. That is what that explains the fact that the bread makers are still there.

12. What marks of the Portuguese way of life can still be seen in Goa?

Ans. Goa was once occupied by the Portuguese. They were famous for preparing the loaves of bread. They left Goa long ago. But the traditional work of the bakers can still be seen in Goa. The furnaces in which the bread was baked still exist there.

13. What does the author recall about the visit of the baker to his village?

Ans. The author recalls that a baker used to visit the village twice a day. He used to be the author’s friend and guide. He used to carry a bamboo stick. The sound of this stick used to wake up the author and others from sleep

14. How was the village baker very important for special occasions in the village?

Ans. The village baker was especially important for festive occasions. The villagers were much fond of the sweet bread known as ‘bol’. Marriage gifts were meaningless without these sweetbreads. Sandwiches, cakes and bolinhas were a must for Christmas as well as other festivals. These were made with the bread.

15. Describe the bread-sellers dress.

Ans. The baker or the bread-seller wore a special, peculiar dress. It was known as the ‘kabai . It was a single-piece long frock. It reached down to his knees. During narrator’s childhood, Bakers wore trousers which were shorter than full-length and longer than half pants.

16. When did the baker collect his bills? What showed that the bakers were prosperous?

Ans. The baker usually collected his bills at the end of the month. In the household, the baker’s monthly accounts used to be recorded on some wall in pencil. Baking was a profitable business in those days. Their families never starved. Their plump bodies showed that they were prosperous.

17. When would the baker come every day? Why did the children run to the baker?

Ans. The baker would come twice a day. Once in the morning when he set out on his selling round, and then again after emptying his basket. In the morning the children ran to him to have bread-bangles.

18. How did the baker make his entry in the morning?

Ans. In the morning the baker made his musical entry on the scene with the ‘jhang–jhang‘ sound of his specially made staff. One hand supported the basket on his head and the other hanged the bamboo on the ground.

19. What are the childhood memories described by the author in this extract?

Ans. The author passed his childhood days in Goa. In this extract, he remembers his old days in Goa when the village baker occupied an important place in life. Although, with the passage of time, people do not eat so much bread, yet the sillage bakers are still there.

Q20. What do the elders reminisce about and why?

Ans. The elders reminisce nostalgically about the good old Portuguese days and the Portuguese loaves of bread. The loaves of bread were an integral part of Goan’s life. Marriages were meaningless without sweet bread. The lady of the house must prepare sandwiches on her daughter’s engagement. Christmas and other festivals must have cakes and bolinhas. They still remember the jingling thud of the baker in the morning.

Q22. How can you say that the makers of the famous Goan loaves are still there?

Ans. Many of those eaters of loaves might have died but their makers still exist. The mixers, the moulders and those who bake the loaves are still there in Goa. The fire in the furnaces has not yet been extinguished and the thud and jingle of the baker’s bamboo can still be heard in the morning in some places. These bakers, known as paders, exist in Goa even today. The family profession is still carried on.

Q22. How did the baker make his musical entry on the scene in the morning?

Ans. The baker made his musical entry in the morning. The jingling thud of his bamboo woke up the people in the morning. He used to come at least twice a day. The children ran to meet and greet him. For children, it was not just for the love of the loaf but for the love of the jingling music.

Q23. Why was the baker, the friend, companion and guide of the children?

Ans. For children, the very sight of the baker was quite exciting. He was their friend, companion and guide. The jingling thud of his bamboo put them in rapture. They ran to meet and greet him. It was not so much for the love of the loaf What they longed for were the bread-bangles. Sometimes they liked the sweet bread of special make.

Q24. What importance did the baker’s furnace have in the village in Goa?

Ans. The loaves of bread had become an important and integral part of the lives of the people in Goa. Marriages were meaningless without the sweet bread or the bol. No party or feast was possible without bread. The lady of the house would prepare sandwiches on the engagement ceremony of her daughter. Cakes and sweet breads were a must for Christmas and other festivals. The presence of the baker’s furnace was absolutely essential in the village.

Q25. Describe the changes in the dress of the baker or the pader with the passage of the time.

Ans. In good old days during the Portuguese rule, the baker or bread seller had a peculiar dress. It was known as `Icabar. It was a single piece long frock reaching down to the knees. These days a pader wears a shirt and trousers which are shorter than full lengths ones and longer than half pants.