Extra Questions & Answers
THE LAST LESSON
1. Why do you think the author chose to narrate the story from Franz’s point of view rather than M. Hamel’s?
The author chose to narrate the story through Franz’s point of view because it allows readers to witness a gradual transformation in a young student. At the beginning, Franz is careless about his studies and does not value his language. However, as he attends the last French lesson, he realizes the importance of education and cultural identity. Through Franz’s innocent observations, readers can feel the shock, regret, and emotional impact of losing one’s language. If the story had been told by M. Hamel, it would have focused mainly on the teacher’s sorrow rather than the awakening of an entire generation.
2. Imagine you are Franz. After attending the last lesson, write a diary entry expressing your thoughts and feelings about the importance of language and how your attitude towards school has changed.
Diary Entry
2 August 2026
Tuesday
Dear Diary,
Today was the most unforgettable day of my life. I went to school expecting an ordinary lesson, but I soon learned that it was our last French class. The order from Berlin had come, and from tomorrow only German would be taught in our schools.
As I sat in the classroom, I felt a deep sense of regret. I realized how carelessly I had treated my studies. I had often preferred playing outdoors instead of learning my lessons. Today, however, every word spoken by M. Hamel seemed precious.
I understood that language is much more than a means of communication. It is a symbol of our culture, identity, and freedom. When a people lose their language, they lose an important part of themselves. M. Hamel’s dedication and love for French touched my heart deeply.
This experience has changed my attitude towards school and learning. I now understand the value of education and the opportunities it provides. If I ever get the chance to study my language again, I will do so with sincerity and respect.
Today taught me a lesson that I will never forget.
Good night diary,
Franz
3. Why do you think the villagers attended the last French lesson, even though they hadn’t supported the school earlier?
The villagers attended the last French lesson because they suddenly realized the value of their language and education when they were about to lose them. Their presence reflected regret for not taking learning seriously in the past. They also wanted to show respect to M. Hamel, who had served the village faithfully for forty years. By attending the lesson, they expressed their love for French culture and their solidarity with the community during a difficult time. Their actions show that people often appreciate something only when it is threatened or taken away.
THE LOST SPRING
1. “Garbage to them is gold.” What does this statement reveal about the mindset and condition of the rag pickers of Seemapuri?
The statement “Garbage to them is gold” highlights the extreme poverty of the rag pickers of Seemapuri. What society throws away becomes a valuable source of income and survival for them. They search through garbage to find items that can be sold or reused. This reflects their harsh living conditions and limited opportunities. It also shows how poverty forces people to see value where others see waste. For the rag pickers, garbage is not merely trash but a means of earning a livelihood and sustaining their families.
2. Why does Anees Jung refer to childhood as ‘Lost Spring’? How does the title reflect the central theme of the chapter?
Anees Jung refers to childhood as 'Lost Spring' because children like Saheb and Mukesh are deprived of the joys, freedom, and opportunities that should characterize childhood. Instead of going to school, playing, and dreaming about their future, they are forced to work and support their families. The title symbolizes the loss of hope, innocence, and happiness in the lives of underprivileged children. It reflects the central theme of the chapter—the exploitation of children trapped in poverty, child labour, and social inequality.
3. How can society help children like Saheb break free from the cycle of poverty and exploitation?
Society can help children like Saheb by ensuring access to quality education, healthcare, and proper nutrition. Governments should strictly enforce laws against child labour and provide financial support to poor families so that children are not forced to work. Non-governmental organizations and community groups can create awareness and offer vocational training and scholarships. Most importantly, society must treat these children with dignity and provide them with opportunities to develop their talents. Through education, skill development, and social support, children like Saheb can build a better future and escape the cycle of poverty and exploitation.
